Oxidizing composition and uses for dyeing, permanently setting or bleaching keratin fibres

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates, firstly, to a cosmetic and/or dermatological composition intended for treating keratin fibers, in particular human keratin fibers and more particularly human hair, comprising, in a support which is suitable for keratin fibers: 
     (a) at least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in the presence of at least one donor for the said enzyme; 
     (b) at least one substantive polymer chosen from the group consisting of: 
     (i) cationic cellulose derivatives; 
     (ii) dimethyldiallylammonium halide homopolymers and copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium halide and of (meth)acrylic acid; 
     (iii) methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide homopolymers and copolymers; 
     (iv) polyquaternary ammonium polymers; 
     (v) vinylpyrrolidone polymers containing cationic units; 
     (vi) mixtures thereof. 
     The present invention also relates to processes for treating keratin fibers, in particular processes for dyeing, permanently reshaping or bleaching the hair using this composition.

The present invention relates to an oxidizing composition intended fortreating keratin fibres, comprising at least one enzyme of 2-electronoxidoreductase type in the presence of at least one donor for the saidenzyme and at least one cationic or amphoteric substantive polymer, aswell as to its uses for dyeing, for permanently reshaping or forbleaching keratin fibres, in particular human hair.

It is known to dye keratin fibres, and in particular human hair, withdye compositions containing oxidation dye precursors, in particularpara-phenylenediamines, ortho- or para-aminophenols and heterocyclicbases, which are generally referred to as oxidation bases. Oxidation dyeprecursors, or oxidation bases, are colourless or weakly colouredcompounds which, when combined with oxidizing products, can give rise tocoloured compounds and dyes by a process of oxidative condensation.

It is also known that the shades obtained with these oxidation bases canbe varied by combining them with couplers or colour modifiers, thelatter being chosen in particular from aromatic meta-diamines,meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds.

The variety of compounds used as regards the oxidation bases and thecouplers allows a wide range of colours to be obtained.

The so-called “permanent” coloration obtained by means of theseoxidation dyes must moreover satisfy a certain number of requirements.Thus, it must have no toxicological drawbacks, it must be able to giveshades of the desired intensity and it must be able to withstandexternal agents (light, bad weather, washing, permanent-waving,perspiration, rubbing).

The dyes must also be able to cover white hair and, lastly, they must beas unselective as possible, i.e. they must give the smallest possiblecolour differences along the same length of keratin fibre, which may infact be differently sensitized (i.e. damaged) between its tip and itsroot.

The oxidation dyeing of keratin fibres is generally carried out inalkaline medium, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. However, the useof alkaline media in the presence of hydrogen peroxide has the drawbackof causing appreciable degradation of the fibres, as well asconsiderable bleaching of the keratin fibres, which is not alwaysdesirable.

The oxidation dyeing of keratin fibres can also be carried out usingoxidizing systems other than hydrogen peroxide, such as enzymaticsystems. Thus, it has already been proposed to dye keratin fibres, inparticular in patent application EP-A-0,310,675, with compositionscomprising an oxidation dye precursor in combination with enzymes suchas pyranose oxidase, glucose oxidase or uricase, in the presence of adonor for the said enzymes. Although being used under conditions whichdo not result in degradation of the keratin fibres which is comparableto that caused by the dyes used in the presence of hydrogen peroxide,these dye formulations nevertheless lead to colorations which are stillinsufficient, both as regards the homogeneity of the colour distributedalong the fibre (“unison”) and as regards the chromaticity (luminosity),the dyeing power and the resistance to the various aggressive factors towhich the hair may be subjected.

It is known that the most common technique for obtaining a permanentreshaping of the hair consists, in a first stage, in opening the keratin—S—S-disulphide (cysteine) bonds using a composition containing asuitable reducing agent (reduction step) followed, after having rinsedthe head of hair thus treated, by reconstituting, in a second stage, thesaid disulphide bonds by applying to the hair, which has been placedunder tension beforehand (rollers and the like)-, an oxidizingcomposition (oxidation step, also known as the fixing step) so asfinally to give to the hair the desired shape. This technique thus makesit equally possible either to make the hair wavy or to straighten it orto remove its curliness. The new shape given to the hair by a chemicaltreatment such as above is remarkably long-lasting and in particularresists the action of washing with water or shampoos, as opposed tosimple standard techniques for temporary reshaping, such as hairsetting.

The reducing compositions which may be used in order to carry out thefirst step of a permanent-waving operation generally contain, asreducing agents, sulphites, bisulphites, alkylphosphines or, preferably,thiols. Among the thiols, those commonly used are cysteine and thevarious derivatives thereof, cysteamine and the derivatives thereof,thiolactic acid or thioglycolic acid, the salts thereof and the estersthereof, in particular glyceryl thioglycolate.

As regards the oxidizing compositions needed to carry out the fixingstep, use is usually made in practice of compositions based on aqueoushydrogen peroxide, sodium bromate or persalts such as sodium perborate,which have the drawback of being liable to damage the hair.

The problem of the technique of the permanent-waving operations known todate is that their application to the hair induces long-term adversechanges in the quality of the hair. The essential causes of theseadverse changes in the quality of the hair are a reduction in itscosmetic properties, such as its sheen and its feel, and degradation ofits mechanical properties, more particularly degradation of itsmechanical strength due to swelling of the keratin fibres during therinsing between the reduction step and the oxidation step, which canalso be reflected by an increase in its porosity. The hair is weakenedand can become brittle during subsequent treatments such as blow-drying.

The same problem of adverse changes in keratin fibres is encounteredduring processes for bleaching the hair.

It is known that the permanent reshaping or bleaching of keratin fibrescan also be carried out under milder conditions using oxidizing systemsother than hydrogen peroxide, such as enzymatic systems. Thus, processesfor the permanent reshaping or bleaching of keratin fibres have alreadybeen proposed, in particular in patent application EP-A-0,310,675, withcompositions comprising an enzyme such as pyranose oxidase, glucoseoxidase or uricase, in the presence of a donor for the said enzyme.Although being used under conditions which do not result in degradationof the keratin fibres which is comparable to that caused by theconventional permanent-waving or bleaching processes, these oxidizingformulations nevertheless lead to results which are still insufficient,as regards the curl hold over time, as regards the compatibility ofpermanent-waved or bleached hair with subsequent treatments, as regardsthe reduction of the mechanical properties of the permanent-waved hair,in particular the reduction of the porosity of the hair, and as regardsthe reduction of the cosmetic properties such as the feel, oralternatively as regards the uniformity of the bleaching along thekeratin fibres.

The aim of the present invention is to solve the problems mentionedabove.

The Applicant has discovered, surprisingly, novel compositionscontaining as oxidizing system, at least one enzyme of 2-electronoxidoreductase type in the presence of at least one donor for the saidenzyme and at least one specific substantive polymer which will bedefined in further detail later, which can constitute, in the presenceof oxidation dye precursors (oxidation bases) and optionally couplers,ready-to-use dye formulations which lead to more homogeneous, moreintense and more chromatic colorations without giving rise to anysignificant degradation, these colorations being relatively unselectiveand showing good resistance to the various aggressive factors to whichthe hair may be subjected.

The Applicant has also discovered, unexpectedly, that the use, in aprocess for the permanent reshaping of keratin fibres, of an oxidizingcomposition containing, as oxidizing system, at least one enzyme of2-electron oxidoreductase type in the presence of at least one donor forthe said enzyme and at least one specific substantive polymer, makes itpossible to solve the technical problems mentioned above. In particular,this type of oxidizing composition improves the curl hold obtained overtime, substantially reduces the porosity of permanent-waved hair andimproves the compatibility of permanent-waved hair with respect tosubsequent treatments.

The Applicant has also discovered, surprisingly, that the use, in aprocess for bleaching keratin fibres, of an oxidizing compositioncontaining, as oxidizing system, at least one enzyme of 2-electronoxidoreductase type in the presence of at least one donor for the saidenzyme and at least one specific substantive polymer makes it possibleto solve the technical problems mentioned above, in particular toimprove the compatibility of bleached hair with respect to subsequenttreatments. This type of oxidizing composition gives a more uniformbleaching effect on the hair and improves the cosmetic properties, suchas the feel.

These discoveries form the basis of the present invention.

The subject of the present invention is thus, firstly, a cosmetic and/ordermatological composition intended for treating keratin fibres, inparticular human keratin fibres and more particularly human hair,comprising, in a support which is suitable for keratin fibres:

(a) at least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in thepresence of at least one donor for the said enzyme,

(b) at least one substantive polymer chosen from the group consistingof:

(i) cationic cellulose derivatives;

(ii) dimethyldiallylammonium halide homopolymers and copolymers ofdimethyldiallylammonium halide and of (meth)acrylic acid;

(iii) methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide homopolymers andcopolymers;

(iv) polyquaternary ammonium polymers;

(v) vinylpyrrolidone polymers containing cationic units;

(vi) mixtures thereof.

The 2-electron oxidoreductase(s) used in the oxidizing compositions inaccordance with the invention can be chosen in particular from pyranoseoxidases, glucose oxidases, glycerol oxidases, lactate oxidases,pyruvate oxidases and uricases.

According to the invention, the 2-electron oxidoreductase is preferablychosen from uricases of animal, microbiological or biotechnologicalorigin.

By way of example, mention may be made of uricase extracted from boarliver, uricase from Arthrobacter globiformis, as well as uricase fromAspergillus flavus.

The 2-electron oxidoreductase(s) can be used in pure crystalline form orin a form diluted in a diluent which is inert with respect to the said2-electron oxidoreductase.

The 2-electron oxidoreductase(s) in accordance with the inventionpreferably represent(s) from 0.01 to 20% by weight approximatelyrelative to the total weight of the composition, and even morepreferably from 0.1 to 5% by weight approximately relative to thisweight.

According to the invention, the term donor is understood to refer to thevarious substrates also necessary for the functioning of the said2-electron oxidoreductase(s).

The nature of the donor (or substrate) for the said enzyme variesdepending on the nature of the 2-electron oxidoreductase used. Forexample, as donors for the pyranose oxidases, mention may be made ofD-glucose, L-sorbose and D-xylose; as a donor for the glucose oxidases,mention may be made of D-glucose; as donors for the glycerol oxidases,mention may be made of glycerol and dihydroxyacetone; as donors for thelactate oxidases, mention may be made of lactic acid and its salts; asdonors for the pyruvate oxidases, mention may be made of pyruvic acidand its salts; and lastly, as donors for the uricases, mention may bemade of uric acid and its salts.

The donor(s) (or substrate(s)) used in accordance with the inventionpreferably represent from 0.01 to 20% by weight approximately relativeto the total weight of the composition in accordance with the invention,and even more preferably from 0.1 to 5% approximately relative to thisweight.

The substantive nature (that is to say the ability to be deposited onthe hair) of the polymers used in accordance with the invention isdetermined conventionally using the test described by Richard J.Crawford, Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists, 1980,31—(5)—pages 273 to 278 (development by Red 80 acidic dye).

These substantive polymers may be chosen from those previously describedin the literature, in particular in patent application EP-A-0,557,203,from page 4, line 19 to page 12, line 14.

Among the cationic cellulose derivatives, mention may be made ofquaternized cellulose ether derivatives, such as those described inapplication EP-A-0,189,935, and in particular the polymer marketed underthe name “Quatrisoft LM 200” by the company Union Carbide; thesepolymers are also defined in the CTFA dictionary (5th edition, 1993) ashydroxyethylcellulose quaternary ammoniums which have been reacted withan epoxide substituted with a lauryldimethylammonium group and arelisted therein under the name “Polyquaternium 24”.

Among the substantive polymers of themethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide polymer type which can beused according to the invention, mention may be made in particular ofthe products referred to in the CTFA dictionary (5th edition, 1993) as“Polyquaternium 37”, “Polyquaternium 32” and “Polyquaternium 35”, whichcorrespond respectively, as regards “Polyquaternium 37”, to crosslinkedpoly(methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride), as a 50%dispersion in mineral oil, sold under the name Salcare SC95 by thecompany Allied Colloids, as regards “Polyquaternium 32”, to thecrosslinked copolymer of acrylamide and ofmethacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride (20/80 by weight), as a50% dispersion in mineral oil, sold under the name Salcare SC92 by thecompany Allied Colloids, and, as regards “Polyquaternium 35”, to themethosulphate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammoniumand of methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium, sold under the namePlex 7525L by the company Rohm GmbH.

Among the substantive polymers of dimethyldiallylammonium halide typewhich may be used according to the invention, mention may be made inparticular of:

dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymers, such as the one soldunder the name “Merquat 100” by the company Merck;

copolymers of dimethyldiallylammonium chloride and of acrylic acid, suchas the one in proportions of 80/20 by weight sold under the name Merquat280 by the company Calgon.

Among the substantive polymers of the polyquaternary ammonium type whichcan be used according to the invention, mention may be made inparticular of:

the polymers prepared and described in French patent 2,270,846,consisting of repeating units corresponding to formula (I) below:

 and in particular those in which the molecular weight, determined bygel permeation chromatography, is between 9500 and 9900;

the polymers prepared and described in French patent 2,270,846,consisting of repeating units corresponding to formula (II) below:

 and in particular those in which the molecular weight, determined bygel permeation chromatography, is about 1200;

the polymers described and prepared in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,157,388,4,390,689, 4,702,906 and 4,719,282 and consisting of repeating unitscorresponding to formula (III) below:

 in which p denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 6 approximately, D canbe zero or can represent a group —(CH₂)_(r)—CO— in which r denotes anumber equal to 4 or 7, and in particular those in which the molecularmass is less than 100,000, preferably less than or equal to 50,000; suchpolymers are sold in particular by the company Miranol under the names“Mirapol A15”, “Mirapol AD1”, “Mirapol AZ1” and “Mirapol 175”.

Among the vinylpyrrolidone polymers (PVP) containing cationic unitswhich can be used in accordance with the invention, mention may be madein particular of:

a) vinylpyrrolidone polymers containing dimethylaminoethyl methacrylateunits; among these, mention may be made of:

the vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (20/80 by weight)copolymer sold under the trade name Copolymer 845 by the company ISP,

the vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymersquaternized with diethyl sulphate, sold under the names Gafquat 734,755, 755 S and 755 L by the company ISP,

the PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/hydrophilic polyurethanecopolymers sold under the trade name Pecogel GC-310 by the company UCIBor alternatively under the names Aquamere C 1031 and C 1511 by thecompany Blagden Chemicals,

the quaternized or non-quaternized PVP/dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate/C8 to C16 olefin copolymers sold under the names Ganex ACP1050 to 1057, 1062 to 1069 and 1079 to 1086 by the company ISP,

the PVP/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam copolymer soldunder the name Gaffix VC 713 by the company ISP.

b) vinylpyrrolidone polymers containingmethacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium (MAPTAC) units, among whichmention may be made in particular of:

the vinylpyrrolidone/MAPTAC copolymers sold under the trade namesGafquat ACP 1011 and Gafquat HS 100 by the company ISP,

c) vinylpyrrolidone polymers containing methylvinylimidazolium units,and among which mention may be made more particularly of:

the PVP/methylvinylimidazolium chloride copolymers sold under the namesLuviquat FC 370, FC 550, FC 905 and HM 552 by the company BASF,

the PVP/methylvinylimidazolium chloride/vinylimidazole copolymer soldunder the name Luviquat 8155 by the company BASF,

the PVP/methylvinylimidazolium methosulphate copolymer sold under thename Luviquat MS 370 by the company BASF.

The concentration of substantive polymer can range between 0.01 and 10%approximately relative to the total weight of the dye compositionapplied to the hair, and preferably between 0.1 and 5%.

A subject of the present invention is also a ready-to-use compositionfor the oxidation dyeing of keratin fibres, and in particular humankeratin fibres such as the hair, of the type comprising, in a mediumwhich is suitable for dyeing, at least one oxidation base and, whereappropriate, one or more couplers, which is characterized in that itcontains:

(a) at least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in thepresence of at least one donor for the said enzyme;

(b) at least one substantive polymer chosen from the group consistingof:

(i) cationic cellulose derivatives;

(ii) dimethyldiallylammonium halide homopolymers and copolymers ofdimethyldiallylammonium halide and of (meth)acrylic acid;

(iii) methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halide homopolymers andcopolymers;

(iv) polyquaternary ammonium polymers;

(v) vinylpyrrolidone polymers containing cationic units;

(vi) mixtures thereof.

The nature of the oxidation base(s) used in the ready-to-use dyecomposition is not a critical factor. They can be chosen, in particular,from para-phenylenediamines, double bases, para-aminophenols,ortho-aminophenols and heterocyclic oxidation bases.

Among the para-phenylenediamines which can be used as oxidation bases inthe dye compositions in accordance with the invention, mention may bemade in particular of the compounds of formula (IV) below, and theaddition salts thereof with an acid:

in which:

R₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical, a C₁-C₄monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C₂-C₄ polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical, a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical substitutedwith a nitrogenous group, a phenyl radical or a 4′-aminophenyl radical;

R₂ represents a hydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄alkyl radical, a C₁-C₄monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C₂-C₄ polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical or a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical substituted with anitrogenous group;

R₃ represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom such as a chlorine,bromine, iodine or fluorine atom, a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical, a C₁-C₄monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkoxy radical, anacetylamino(C₁-C₄)alkoxy radical, a C₁-C₄ mesylaminoalkoxy radical or acarbamoylamino(C₁-C₄)alkoxy radical,

R₄ represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical.

Among the nitrogenous groups of formula (IV) above, mention may be madein particular of amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,tri(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, monohydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, imidazolinium andammonium radicals.

Among the para-phenylenediamines of formula (IV) above, mention may bemade more particularly of para-phenylenediamine, para-toluylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-2-methylaniline,4-amino-2-chloro-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)aniline,2-β-hydroxy-ethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-(ethyl-β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β,γ-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine andN-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine, and the addition salts thereofwith an acid.

Among the para-phenylenediamines of formula (IV) above,para-phenylenediamine, para-toluylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine and2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine and the addition saltsthereof with an acid are most particularly preferred.

According to the invention, the term double bases is understood to referto the compounds containing at least two aromatic rings bearing aminoand/or hydroxyl groups.

Among the double bases which can be used as oxidation bases in the dyecompositions in accordance with the invention, mention may be made inparticular of the compounds corresponding to formula (V) below, and theaddition salts thereof with an acid:

in which:

Z₁ and Z₂, which may be identical or different, represent a hydroxyl or—NH₂ radical which may be substituted with a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical or witha linker arm Y;

the linker arm Y represents a linear or branched alkylene chaincontaining from 1 to 14 carbon atoms, which may be interrupted by orterminated with one or more nitrogenous groups and/or one or more heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms, and optionallysubstituted with one or more hydroxyl or C₁-C₄ alkoxy radicals;

R₅ and R₆ represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical, aC₁-C₄ monohydroxyalkyl radical, a C₂-C₄ polyhydroxyalkyl radical, aC₁-C₄ aminoalkyl radical or a linker arm Y;

R₇, R₈, R₉, R₁₀, R₁₁ and R₁₂, which may be identical or different,represent a hydrogen atom, a linker arm Y or a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical; itbeing understood that the compounds of formula (V) contain only onelinker arm Y per molecule.

Among the nitrogenous groups of formula (V) above, mention may be madein particular of amino, mono(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, di(C₁-C₄)alkylamino,tri(C₁-C₄)alkylamino, monohydroxy (C₁-C₄) alkylamino, imidazolinium andammonium radicals.

Among the double bases of formula (V) above, mention may be made moreparticularly ofN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,Nβ-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine and1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, and the addition saltsthereof with an acid.

Among these double bases of formula (V),N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanoland 1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,5-dioxaoctane, or one of the additionsalts thereof with an acid, are particularly preferred.

Among the para-aminophenols which can be used as oxidation bases in thedye compositions in accordance with the invention, mention may be madein particular of the compounds corresponding to formula (VI) below, andthe addition salts thereof with an acid:

in which:

R₁₃ represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a C₁-C₄ alkyl, C₁-C₄monohydroxyalkyl, (C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl, C₁-C₄ aminoalkyl orhydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical,

R₁₄ represents a hydrogen or halogen atom or a C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄monohydroxyalkyl, C₂-C₄ polyhydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₄ aminoalkyl, C₁-C₄cyanoalkyl or (C₁-C₄)alkoxy-(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical, it being understoodthat at least one of the radicals R₁₃ or R₁₄ represents a hydrogen atom.

Among the para-aminophenols of formula (VI) above, mention may be mademore particularly of para-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol,4-amino-3-fluorophenol, 4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol,4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol and 4-amino-2-fluorophenol,and the addition salts thereof with an acid.

Among the ortho-aminophenols which can be used as oxidation bases in thedye compositions in accordance with the invention, mention may be mademore particularly of 2-aminophenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol,2-amino-6-methylphenol and 5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and the additionsalts thereof with an acid.

Among the heterocyclic bases which can be used as oxidation bases in thedye compositions in accordance with the invention, mention may be mademore particularly of pyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives,pyrazole derivatives and pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives, and theaddition salts thereof with an acid.

Among the pyridine derivatives, mention may be made more particularly ofthe compounds described, for example, in patents GB 1,026,978 and GB1,153,196, such as 2,5-diaminopyridine,2-(4-methoxyphenyl)amino-3-aminopyridine, 2,3-diamino-6-methoxypyridine,2-(β-methoxyethyl)amino-3-amino-6-methoxypyridine and3,4-diaminopyridine, and the addition salts thereof with an acid.

Among the pyrimidine derivatives, mention may be made more particularlyof the compounds described, for example, in German patent DE 2,359,399or Japanese patent JP 88-169,571 or patent application WO 96/15765, suchas 2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidineand 2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, and the addition salts thereof with anacid.

Among the pyrazole derivatives, mention may be made more particularly ofthe compounds described in patents DE 3,843,892, DE 4,133,957 and patentapplications WO 94/08969, WO 94/08970, FR-A-2,733,749 and DE 195 43 988,such as 4,5-diamino-1-methylpyrazole, 3,4-diaminopyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(4′-chlorobenzyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole, 4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-phenylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-methyl-3-phenylpyrazole,4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazinopyrazole,1-benzyl-4,5-diamino-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-tert-butyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-tert-butyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-(4′-methoxyphenyl)pyrazole,4,5-diamino-1-ethyl-3-hydroxymethylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-methylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-hydroxymethyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4,5-diamino-3-methyl-1-isopropylpyrazole,4-amino-5-(2′-aminoethyl)amino-1,3-dimethylpyrazole,3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 1-methyl-3,4,5-triaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-1-methyl-4-methylaminopyrazole and3,5-diamino-4-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-1-methylpyrazole, and the additionsalts thereof with an acid.

Among the pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives, mention may be made moreparticularly of the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines of formula (VII) below,and the addition salts thereof with an acid or with a base and thetautomeric forms thereof, when a tautomeric equilibrium exists:

in which:

R₁₅, R₁₆, R₁₇ and R₁₈, which may be identical or different, denote ahydrogen atom, a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical, an aryl radial, a C₁-C₄hydroxyalkyl radical, a C₂-C₄ polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a(C₁-C₄)alkoxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical, a C₁-C₄ aminoalkyl radical (it beingpossible for the amine to be protected with an acetyl, ureido orsulphonyl radical), a (C_(l)-C₄)alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical, adi[(C₁-C₄)alkyl]amino(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical (it being possible for thedialkyl radicals to form a 5- or 6-membered carbon-based ring or aheterocycle), a hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl- or di[hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl]amino(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical;

the radicals X, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogenatom, a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical, an aryl radical, a C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkylradical, a C₂-C₄ polyhydroxyalkyl radical, a C₁-C₄ aminoalkyl radical, a(C₁-C₄) alkylamino(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical, adi[(C₁-C₄)alkyl]amino(C₁-C₄)alkyl radical (it. being possible for thedialkyls to form a 5- or 6-membered carbon-based ring or a heterocycle),a hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl- or di-[hydroxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl]amino (C₁-C₄)alkylradical, an amino radical, a (C₁-C₄)alkyl- or di[(C₁-C₄)alkyl]aminoradical; a halogen atom, a carboxylic acid group, a sulphonic acidgroup;

i is equal to 0, 1, 2 or 3;

p is equal to 0 or 1;

q is equal to 0 or 1;

n is equal to 0 or 1; with the proviso that:

the sum p+q is other than 0;

when p+q is equal to 2, then n is equal to 0 and the groups NR₁₅R₁₆ andNR₁₇R₁₈ occupy the (2,3); (5,6); (6,7); (3,5) or (3,7) positions;

when p+q is equal to 1, then n is equal to 1 and the group NR₁₅R₁₆ (orNR₁₇R₁₈) and the OH group occupy the (2,3); (5,6); (6,7); (3,5) or (3,7)positions.

When the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines of formula (VII) above are such thatthey contain a hydroxyl group on one of the positions 2, 5 or 7 α to anitrogen atom, a tautomeric equilibrium exists represented, for example,by the following scheme:

Among the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines of formula (VII) above, mention maybe made in particular of:

pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

2,5-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

2,7-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,5-diamine;

3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ol;

3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-5-ol;

2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-ylamino)ethanol;

2-(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-ylamino)ethanol;

2-[(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

2-[(7-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-3-yl)-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol;

5,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine;

2,5,N7,N7-tetramethylpyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3,7-diamine; and theaddition salts thereof and the tautomeric forms thereof, when atautomeric equilibrium exists.

The pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines of formula (VII) above can be prepared bycyclization starting with an aminopyrazole, according to the synthesesdescribed in the following references:

EP 628559 Beiersdorf-Lilly.

R. Vishdu, H. Navedul, Indian J. Chem., 34b (6), 514, 1995.

N. S. Ibrahim, K. U. Sadek, F. A. Abdel-Al, Arch. Pharm., 320, 240,1987.

R. H. Springer, M. B. Scholten, D. E. O'Brien, T. Novinson, J. P.Miller, R. K. Robins, J. Med. Chem., 25, 235, 1982.

T. Novinson, R. K. Robins, T. R. Matthews, J. Med. Chem., 20, 296, 1977.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,907,799 ICN Pharmaceuticals.

The pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines of formula (VII) above can also beprepared by cyclization starting from hydrazine, according to thesyntheses described in the following references:

A. McKillop and R. J. Kobilecki, Heterocycles, 6(9), 1355, 1977.

E. Alcade, J. De Mendoza, J. M. Marcia-Marquina, C. Almera, J. Elguero,J. Heterocyclic Chem., 11(3), 423, 1974.

K. Saito, I. Hori, M. Higarashi, H. Midorikawa, Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan,47(2), 476, 1974.

The oxidation base(s) in accordance with the invention preferablyrepresent(s) from 0.0005 to 12% by weight approximately relative to thetotal weight of the ready-to-use dye composition, and even morepreferably from 0.005 to 6% by weight approximately relative to thisweight.

The couplers which can be used are those used conventionally inoxidation dye compositions, i.e. meta-phenylenediamines,meta-aminophenols and meta-diphenols, mono- or polyhydroxylatednaphthalene derivatives, sesamol and its derivatives and heterocycliccompounds such as, for example, indole derivatives, indolinederivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, benzomorpholine derivatives,sesamol derivatives, pyrazoloazole derivatives, pyrroloazolederivatives, imidazoloazole derivatives, pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives,pyrazoline-3,5-dione derivatives, pyrrolo[3,2-d]oxazole derivatives,pyrazolo[3,4-d]thiazole derivatives, thiazoloazole S-oxide derivativesand thiazoloazole S,S-dioxide derivatives, and the addition saltsthereof with an acid.

These couplers can be chosen in particular from 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol, α-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one and 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, and theaddition salts thereof with an acid.

When they are present, these couplers preferably represent from 0.0001to 10% by weight approximately relative to the total weight of theready-to-use dye composition, and even more preferably from 0.005 to 5%by weight approximately relative to this weight.

In general, the addition salts with an acid which can be used in thecontext of the dye compositions of the invention (oxidation bases andcouplers) are chosen in particular from the hydrochlorides,hydrobromides, sulphates, tartrates, lactates and acetates.

The dye composition of the invention can also contain, in addition tothe oxidation dye precursors defined above and the optional combinedcouplers, direct dyes to enrich the shades with glints. These directdyes can thus be chosen in particular from nitro dyes, azo dyes oranthraquinone dyes.

The subject of the invention is also a process for dyeing keratinfibres, and in particular human keratin fibres such as the hair, usingthe ready-to-use dye composition as defined above.

According to this process, at least one ready-to-use dye composition asdefined above is placed on the fibres, for a period which is sufficientto develop the desired coloration, after which the fibres are rinsed,optionally washed with shampoo, rinsed again and dried.

The time required to develop the coloration on the keratin fibres isgenerally between 3 and 60 minutes and even more precisely between 5 and40 minutes.

According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the processincludes a first step which consists in separately storing, on the onehand, a composition (A) comprising, in a medium which is suitable fordyeing, at least one oxidation base and optionally at least one coupleras defined above, and, on the other hand, a composition (B) containing,in a medium which is suitable for dyeing, at least one enzyme of2-electron oxidoreductase type in the presence of at least one donor forthe said enzyme and at least one substantive polymer as defined above,and then in mixing them together at the time of use, before applyingthis mixture to the keratin fibres.

According to another specific embodiment of the invention, thesubstantive polymer is incorporated into composition (A).

Another subject of the invention is a multi-compartment dyeing device or“kit” or any other multi-compartment packaging system, a firstcompartment of which contains composition (A) as defined above and asecond compartment of which contains composition (B) as defined above.These devices can be equipped with means for applying the desiredmixture to the hair, such as the devices described in patentFR-2,586,913 in the name of the Applicant.

A subject of the present invention is also a novel process for treatingkeratin substances, in particular the hair, in order to obtain apermanent reshaping of this hair, in particular in the form ofpermanent-waved hair, this process comprising the following steps: (i) areducing composition is applied to the keratin substance to be treated,the keratin substance being placed under mechanical tension before,during or after the said application, (ii) the keratin substance isoptionally rinsed, (iii) an oxidizing composition as defined above isapplied to the optionally rinsed keratin substance, (iv) the keratinsubstance is optionally rinsed again.

The first step (i) of this process consists in applying a reducingcomposition to the hair. This application is carried out lock by lock orall at once.

The reducing composition comprises, for example, at least one reducingagent, which can be chosen in particular from thioglycolic acid,cysteine, cysteamine, glyceryl thioglycolate, thiolactic acid orthiolactic or thioglycolic acid salts.

The usual step for placing the hair under tension in a shapecorresponding to the desired final shape for this hair (for examplecurls) can be carried out by any suitable means, in particularmechanical means, known per se for maintaining the hair under tension,such as, for example, rollers, curlers and the like.

The hair can also be shaped without the aid of external means, simplywith the fingers.

Before carrying out the following optional rinsing step (ii), the haironto which the reducing composition has been applied should,conventionally, be left to stand for a few minutes, generally between 5minutes and one hour, preferably between 10 and 30 minutes, so as togive the reducing agent enough time to act correctly on the hair. Thiswaiting phase preferably takes place at a temperature ranging from 35°C. to 45° C., while preferably also protecting the hair with a hood.

In the optional second step of the process (step (ii)), the hairimpregnated with the reducing composition is then rinsed thoroughly withan aqueous composition.

Next, in a third step (step (iii)), the oxidizing composition of theinvention is applied to the hair thus rinsed, with the aim of fixing thenew shape given to the hair.

As in the case of the application of the reducing composition, the haironto which the oxidizing composition has been applied is then,conventionally, left for a standing or waiting phase lasting a fewminutes, generally between 3 and 30 minutes, preferably between 5 and 15minutes.

If the hair was maintained under tension by external means, these means(rollers, curlers or the like) can be removed from the hair before orafter the fixing step.

Lastly, in the final step of the process according to the invention(step (iv)), which is also optional, the hair impregnated with theoxidizing composition is rinsed thoroughly, generally with water.

Hair which is soft and easy to disentangle is finally obtained. The hairis wavy.

The oxidizing composition according to the invention can also be used ina process for bleaching keratin fibres, and in particular the hair.

The bleaching process according to the invention comprises a step ofapplying an oxidizing composition according to the invention to thekeratin fibres in the presence or absence of an auxiliary oxidizingagent. Conventionally, a second step of the bleaching process accordingto the invention is a step of rinsing the keratin fibres.

The medium which is suitable for the keratin fibres (or the support) forthe ready-to-use dye compositions and for the oxidizing compositionsused for the permanent reshaping or bleaching of keratin fibres inaccordance with the invention generally consists of water or of amixture of water and at least one organic solvent in order to dissolvethe compounds which would not be sufficiently soluble in water. By wayof organic solvent, mention may be made, for example, of C₁-C₄ alkanolssuch as ethanol and isopropanol; glycerol; glycols and glycol etherssuch as 2-butoxyethanol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethylether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether and monomethyl ether, andaromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, similarproducts and mixtures thereof.

The solvents can be present in proportions preferably of between 1 and40% by weight approximately relative to the total weight of the dyecomposition, and even more preferably between 5 and 30% by weightapproximately.

The pH of the ready-to-use dye compositions and of the oxidizingcompositions used for the permanent reshaping or bleaching of thekeratin fibres in accordance with the invention is chosen such that theenzymatic activity of the 2-electron oxidoreductase is not adverselyaffected. It is generally between 5 and 11 approximately, and preferablybetween 6.5 and 10 approximately. It can be adjusted to the desiredvalue using acidifying or basifying agents usually used for dyeingkeratin fibres.

Among the acidifying agents, mention may be made, by way of example, ofinorganic or organic acids such as hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoricacid, sulphuric acid, carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, tartaricacid, citric acid or lactic acid, and sulphonic acids.

Among the basifying agents, mention may be made, by way of example, ofaqueous ammonia, alkaline carbonates, alkanolamines such as mono-, di-and triethanolamines, 2-methyl-2-aminopropanol and derivatives thereof,sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the compounds of formula(VIII) below:

in which W is a propylene residue optionally substituted with a hydroxylgroup or a C₁-C₄ alkyl radical; R₁₉, R₂₀, R₂₁ and R₂₂, which may beidentical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C₁-C₄ alkyl orC₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl radical.

The ready-to-use dye compositions and the oxidizing compositions forpermanently reshaping or bleaching keratin fibres in accordance with theinvention can also contain various adjuvants used conventionally incompositions for the dyeing, permanent reshaping or bleaching of thehair, such as anionic, cationic, nonionic, amphoteric or zwitterionicsurfactants or mixtures thereof, anionic or nonionic polymers, inorganicor organic thickeners, anti-oxidants, enzymes other than the 2-electronoxido-reductases used in accordance with the invention, such as, forexample, peroxidases, penetration agents, sequestering agents,fragrances, buffers, dispersing agents, conditioners such as, forexample, silicones, film-forming agents, preserving agents andopacifiers.

Needless to say, a person skilled in the art will take care to selectthis or these optional complementary compound(s) such that theadvantageous properties intrinsically associated with the compositionsin accordance with the invention are not, or are not substantially,adversely affected by the addition or additions envisaged.

The ready-to-use dye compositions and the oxidizing compositions usedfor the permanent reshaping or bleaching of keratin fibres in accordancewith the invention can be in various forms, such as in the form ofliquids, creams or gels, which are optionally pressurized, or in anyother form which is suitable for dyeing, permanently reshaping orbleaching keratin fibres, and in particular human hair.

In the case of a ready-to-use dye composition, the oxidation dyes(s) andthe 2-electron oxido-reductase(s) are present in the said composition,which must be free of oxygen gas, so as to avoid any premature oxidationof the oxidation dye(s).

Concrete examples illustrating the invention will now be given.

In the text hereinabove and hereinbelow, except where otherwisementioned, the percentages are expressed on a weight basis.

The examples which follow illustrate the invention without beinglimiting in nature.

EXAMPLES 1 AND 2 OF DYE COMPOSITIONS

The ready-to-use dye compositions below were prepared (contents ingrams):

Example 1

Uricase from Arthrobacter globiformis 1.5 g at a concentration of 20International Units (I.U.)/mg, sold by the company Sigma Uric acid 1.5 gPara-phenylenediamine 0.324 g Resorcinol 0.33 g Polyquaternary ammoniumof formula (I) 1.0 g A.M. [tetramethylhexamethylenediaminedi-chloro-4β-propylenediamine polyconden- sate as an aqueous 60% solution]Distilled water qs 100 g

Example 2

Uricase from Arthrobacter globiformis 1.5 g at a concentration of 20International Units (I.U.)/mg, sold by the company Sigma Uric acid 1.5 gPara-phenylenediamine 0.324 g Resorcinol 0.33 g Dimethyldiallylammoniumchloride-/ 1.0 g A.M. acrylic acid copolymer as an aqueous 40.5%solution, sold under the name Merquat 280 by Calgon Distilled water qs100 g

Each of the ready-to-use dye compositions described above was applied tolocks of natural grey hair containing 90% white hairs for 30 minutes.The hair was then rinsed, washed with a standard shampoo and then dried.

Locks of hair dyed a matt dark-blond colour were obtained with each ofthe dye compositions.

Example 3 Oxidizing Composition for Permanent-Waving or Bleaching

Uricase from Arthrobacter globiformis 1.8 g at a concentration of 20International Units (I.U.)/mg, sold by the company Sigma Uric acid 1.65g Ethanol 20.0 g (C₈-C₁₀)alkyl polyglucoside as an 8.0 g aqueoussolution containing 60% active material (A.M.), sold under the nameOramix CG110 by the company SEPPIC Dimethyldiallylammonium chloridehomo- 1.0 g A.M. polymer as an aqueous 40% solution, sold under the nameMerquat 100 by Calgon 2-Methyl-2-amino-1-propanol qs pH 9.5 Distilledwater qs 100 g

What is claimed is:
 1. A cosmetic dermatological composition comprising:(a) at least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase type in thepresence of at least one donor for the said enzyme; and (b) at least onesubstantive polymer selected from: (i) cationic cellulose derivatives,(ii) dimethyldiallylammonium halide homopolymers,dimethyldiallylammonium halide copolymers, and (meth)acrylic acidcopolymers, (iii) methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halidehomopolymers and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium halidecopolymers, (iv) polyquaternary ammonium polymers, (v) vinylpyrrolidonepolymers having cationic units, and (vi) mixtures of any of theforegoing; in a support suitable for keratin fibres.
 2. A cosmeticdermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cosmeticcomposition is used for treating keratin fibres.
 3. A cosmeticdermatological composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein said keratinkeratin fibres are hair.
 4. A cosmetic dermatological composition asclaimed in claim 1, wherein said at least one enzyme of 2-electronoxidoreductase is selected from pyranose oxidases, glucose oxidases,glycerol oxidases, lactate oxidases, pyruvate oxidases, and uricases. 5.A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, whereinsaid at least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase is a uricase ofanimal, microbiological, or biotechnological origin.
 6. A cosmeticdermatological composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein said at leastone enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase is a uricase extracted from boarliver.
 7. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 5,wherein said at least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase is auricase from Arthrobacter globiformis.
 8. A cosmetic dermatologicalcomposition as claimed in claim 5, wherein said at least one enzyme of2-electron oxidoreductase is a uricase from Aspergillus flavus.
 9. Acosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein saidat least one enzyme of 2-electron oxidoreductase is present in an amountranging from 0.01 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of thecosmetic dermatological composition.
 10. A cosmetic dermatologicalcomposition as claimed in claim 9, wherein said at least one enzyme of2-electron oxidoreductase is present in an amount ranging from 0.1 to 5%by weight relative to the total weight of the cosmetic dermatologicalcomposition.
 11. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said at least one donor for said at least one enzyme of2-electron oxidoreductase is selected from uric acid and its salts. 12.A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, whereinsaid at least one donor for said at least one enzyme of 2-electronoxidoreductase is present in an amount ranging from 0.01 to 20% byweight relative to the total weight of the cosmetic dermatologicalcomposition.
 13. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed inclaim 12, wherein said at least one donor for said at least one enzymeof 2-electron oxidoreductase is present in an amount ranging from 0.1 to5% by weight relative to the total weight of the cosmetic dermatologicalcomposition.
 14. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed inclaim 1, wherein said cationic cellulosic derivatives are quaternizedcellulose ether derivatives.
 15. A cosmetic dermatological compositionas claimed in claim 1, wherein said dimethyldiallylammonium halidehomopolymers, dimethyldiallylammonium halide copolymers, and(meth)acrylic acid copolymers are selected from: (a) crosslinkedpoly(methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) homopolymer unitsdispersed in mineral oil; (b) crosslinked copolymers of acrylamideunits, and of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride units(20/80 by weight) dispersed in mineral oil; and (c) methosulphate of acopolymer formed from methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium and ofmethacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetylammonium.
 16. A cosmeticdermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein saiddimethyldiallylammonium halide homopolymers, dimethyidiallylammoniumhalide copolymers, and (meth)acrylic acid copolymers are selected from:(a) dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer units; and (b)copolymers formed from dimethyidiallylammonium chloride and acrylicacid.
 17. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1,wherein said polyquaternary ammonium polymers are selected from: (a)polymers having repeating units corresponding to formula (I)

(b) polymers having repeating units corresponding to formula (II)

(c) polymers having repeating units corresponding to formula (III)

in which p is an integer ranging from 1 to 6 approximately; is d is 0,or is a group —(CH₂)_(r)—CO— in which r is 4 or
 7. 18. A cosmeticcomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vinylpyrrolidonepolymers having cationic units are selected from: (a) vinylpyrrolidonepolymers having dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate units; (b)vinylpyrrolidonne polymers having methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammoniumunits; and c) vinylpyrrolidone polymers having methylvinylimidazoliumunits.
 19. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1,wherein said at least one substantive polymer is present in an amountranging from 0.01 and 10% relative to the total weight of the cosmeticdermatological composition.
 20. A cosmetic dermatological composition asclaimed in claim 19, wherein said at least one substantive polymer ispresent in an amount ranging from 0.1 and 5% relative to the totalweight of the cosmetic dermatological composition.
 21. A cosmeticdermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, where said supportsuitable for said keratin fibres is water, or a mixture of water and atleast one organic solvent.
 22. A cosmetic dermatological composition asclaimed in claim 21, wherein said at least one organic solvent ispresent an amount ranging from 1 to 40% by weight relative to the totalweight of the cosmetic dermatological composition.
 23. A cosmeticdermatological composition as claimed in claim 22, wherein said at leastone organic solvent is present an amount ranging from 5 to 30% by weightrelative to the total weight of the cosmetic dermatological composition.24. A cosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1 having apH in a range from 5 to
 11. 25. A cosmetic dermatological composition asclaimed in claim 24 having a pH in a range from 6.5 to
 10. 26. Acosmetic dermatological composition as claimed in claim 1, furthercomprising at least one cosmetic adjuvant selected from anionic,cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, or zwitterionic surfactants, anionic,cationic, nonionic, amphoteric, or zwitterionic polymers, inorganicthickeners, or organic thickeners, antioxidants, enzymes other than the2-electron oxidoreductases, penetration agents, sequestering agents,fragrances, buffers, dispersing agents, conditioners, film-formingagents, preserving agents, opacifiers, and mixtures of any of theforegoing.